What are Bitcoin Runes?


Bitcoin Runes is a new token standard on the Bitcoin blockchain that simplifies the creation and management of fungible tokens¹. Here are some key points about Bitcoin Runes:

  • What are they? Runes is a protocol that makes it easier and more efficient for users to create fungible tokens on the Bitcoin blockchain¹. It’s a UTXO-based fungible token protocol for the Bitcoin network³⁴.

  • How do they work? By using Bitcoin’s UTXO model and the OP_RETURN opcode, Runes simplifies the creation and management of fungible tokens¹. It’s designed to integrate smoothly with Bitcoin’s existing structure and transaction processing rules⁵.

  • Why were they created? The aim of Runes is to improve Bitcoin’s efficiency around fungible tokens and expand the Bitcoin network’s utility to appeal to a wider audience¹. This includes making it easier to create meme coins and other community-driven projects on the blockchain¹.

  • Who created them? Runes was created by Casey Rodarmor, the creator of the Ordinals protocol that lets users create NFT-like inscriptions on the Bitcoin blockchain¹.

  • When were they launched? Runes was released following the fourth Bitcoin halving, which took place on 20 April 2024¹.

  • What’s their impact? The most popular Rune by market cap at the time of writing was RSIC•GENESIS•RUNE, with a market cap of over $325 million¹. The launch of Runes also sent Bitcoin transaction fees soaring to new heights on the day of launch¹.

In essence, Bitcoin Runes are a significant step in the evolution of the Bitcoin ecosystem, enabling the creation of fungible tokens directly on the Bitcoin network².

Sources

  1. What Are Bitcoin Runes? Bringing Memecoins to Bitcoin.
  2. Introducing Runes: The Next Step in Bitcoin’s Fungible Token Protocols.
  3. What Are Runes? - The Bitcoin Manual.
  4. What are Bitcoin Runes ? | Bitcoin Rune.
  5. What are Bitcoin Runes, and how do they differ from BRC-20 tokens?